chemical sedimentary rocks examples

2. Chemical sedimentary rocks precipitated from a solution (e.g. These rocks are often called clastic sedimentary rocks. The angular shape means that the broken parts haven’t traveled far from their pre-existing materials. The different sediments form strata, that is layers formed by deposit. Some sedimentary rock starts off as a solution of water and sediments. These particles, or what is called sediment, come about from the process of erosion of rocks, the elements of the weather, or discarded organic contents from life in the water. Sedimentary rocks are formed by diagenesis (compaction cementation) of sediments . Textures of Clastic Sedimentary Rocks When sediment is transported and deposited, it leaves clues to the mode of transport and deposition. Sometimes, the sediments are even dissolved in the solution before the rock forms. Interesting information about the rock is also given. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons For example: Take a glass of water and pour some salt (halite) into it. Evaporites are salty, crusty, sediments that remain after seawater evaporates. It is common for caves within the Earth to be formed of chemical sedimentary rocks. Other examples include stromatolites, the flint nodules found in chalk (which is itself a biochemical sedimentary rock, a form of limestone), and coal and oil shale (derived from the remains of tropical plants and subjected to pressure). One of the best-known clastic sedimentary rocks is sandstone. At approximately what latitude is tundra found? For example, sand on a beach or in a dune can get buried. Examples of sedimentary rocks. (Because it is salt, after all…) Halite is part of a group of chemical sedimentary rocks called evaporites. Organic Sedimentary Rocks: Organic sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of any animal or plant debris such as shells and bones. 6.2 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks Whereas clastic sedimentary rocks are dominated by components that have been transported as solid clasts (clay, silt, sand, etc. Rich enough in carbon to burn, coal is an organic sedimentary rock that is a widespread and important fuel source. Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed when the water components evaporate, leaving dissolved minerals behind. Which processes contribute to the formation of chemical sedimentary rocks? As noted from the previous discussions, there are several types of sedimentary rocks. Examples: Limestone – it can be both a chemical and organic rock.If calcite is dissolved in lakes seas or underground water sources, then a solution is form that when crystallized will form limestone. Precipitate sedimentary rocks form when mineral solutions, such as sea water, evaporate. Sedimentary rocks are produced by the weathering of preexisting rocks and the subsequent transportation and deposition of the weathering products. Gap: Detritic sedimentary rock, composed of angular fragments of rock larger than 2 millimeters. In fact, if you lick a chunk of halite, it tastes like salt! Chemical Sedimentary Rocks. A groin vault comes from the extension of a round arch, similar to a long tube of arches. As the water with limestone drips onto the floor of a cave, a mound of mineral deposits is created. They are different than chemical sedimentary rocks, which are composed of mineral crystals. c. What role does poverty play in the ongoing conflict in Somalia? Common Core Math Standards - What is Common Core Math? b. sea-water) as the result of … Precipitation is when dissolved materials come out of water. What Is the Rest Cure in The Yellow Wallpaper? For example, if the mode of transport is by sliding down a slope, the deposits that result are generally chaotic in nature, and show a wide variety of particle sizes. Various types of clasts are shown in Figure 5.2.1 and in Practice Exercise 5.2. Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of small particles and subsequent cementation of mineral or organic particles on the floor of oceans or other bodies of water at the Earth's surface. To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page. Advantages of Self-Paced Distance Learning, Advantages of Distance Learning Compared to Face-to-Face Learning, Top 50 K-12 School Districts for Teachers in Georgia, Those Winter Sundays: Theme, Tone & Imagery. Sedimentary rocks of these kinds are very common in arid lands such as the deposits of salts and gypsum. For example When Sunlight evaporates the … Stalagmites are mineral deposits of calcium carbonate that hang from the roof of a cave. To view examples of chemical sedimentary rocks in the National Parks visit: first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks are like clues that geologists use to piece together the past. The smaller ones tend to be composed of a single mineral crystal, and the larger ones are typically composed of pieces of rock. BrecciaBrecia are clastic sedimentary rocks made up of angular rock broken parts that are cemented together. 's' : ''}}. Small debris from formations of rocks and mountains which undergo erosion together with other granite substances like soils, are usually transported from highlands by denudation agents to low areas. Detrital or clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of rock fragments. Organic Sedimentary Rocks: Organic sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of any animal or plant debris such as shells and bones. Precipitation is when dissolved materials come out of water. Previous Chemical Sedimentary Rocks Chemical sedimentary rock is formed when minerals, dissolved in water, begin to precipitate out of solution and deposit at the base of the water body. The precipitate minerals form various salts known as evaporites. Each type of rock is made in a different way and has distinctive features. Chemical precipitate. Discover examples of igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, and sedimentary rocks to see what the different types of rocks look like. Think of the Grand Canyon in the western United States. Determine whether the following statements are true or false. Sandstone, which is easy to work with, has been broadly utilized … Visit the Earth Science: Tutoring Solution page to learn more. credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. Chemical sedimentary rocks form by precipitation of minerals from water. A groin vault is a structure that resembles the top half of a sphere. What is the Difference Between Blended Learning & Distance Learning? When rocks and minerals are altered by hydrolysis, acids may be … 2. The individual sand grains are glued together by minerals such as calcite (calcium carbonate) and hematite (iron oxide) that are precipitated (see chemical sedimentary rocks) out of ground water that travels between the sand grains. Besides minerals, mineraloid solids occur in some chemical sedimentary rocks. Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed due to chemical processes. Besides minerals, mineraloid solids occur in some chemical sedimentary rocks. 10. 1. anhydrite 2. bauxite 3. breccia 4. breccia shell beds 5. bone beds 6. calcrete - also called caliche, hardpan, kankar or duricrust 7. caustobiolith 8. contourite 9. floatstone 10. flysch 11. gas sands 12. grapestone 13. greensand 14. kukersite - a type of oil shale 15. laminite 16. laterite 17. megabreccia 18. microbreccia 19. molasse 20. oil sands 21. oil shale 22. oolite 23. pozzolan 24. merate 25. siliciclastics 26. tempestite 27. tidalite 28. torbanite 29. tripoli 30. turbidite Sediments can settle out of a solution either by the liquid in the solution evaporating, or by too much of the sediment dissolving in the solution (called supersaturation). Examples of Chemical Sedimentary Rock. Limestone is also known to form at the bottom of lakes and oceans, so it is common for marine fossils to be found in this type of rock as well. Chemical/Biochemcial sedimentary rocks form when dissolved substances precipitate, or separate from water solution. Examples of Clastic sedimentary rocks include sandstone, shale, siltstone, and breccias. These are known as polymict breccias or polymictic breccias. What is a groin vault? 9. Sedimentary rocks often have distinctive layering or bedding. It is common for caves within the Earth to be formed of chemical sedimentary rocks. Weathering refers to the various processes of physical disintegration and chemical decomposition that occur when rocks at Earth’s surface are exposed to the atmosphere (mainly in the form of rainfall) and the hydrosphere. When supersaturation occurs, the sediment forms chemical sedimentary rock naturally. At the right is a cube of table salt, also called halite or sodium chloride, formed when sea water evaporates. Chemical Sedimentary Rocks. You can identify limestone by its characteristic color and texture. Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, chalk, and coal. study Chemical Sedimentary Rocks. Interesting information about the rock is also given. Sandstone. Shop the Black Friday Sale: Get 50% off Quizlet Plus through Monday Learn more Caves are also fascinating from a scientific standpoint. Sedimentary Rocks: Deposition Clastic (detrital) sedimentary rocks – composed of sediments, rock and mineral fragments formed when rocks disintegrate at or near the earth's surface. As mentioned above, limestone is often the rock in which cave systems form. Start studying Chemical Sedimentary Rocks. For example, the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah flood with winter rains and dry out every summer, leaving behind salts such as gypsum and halite. Create an account to start this course today. Each paragraph below details a common type of chemical sedimentary rock. Winding across the continent, it has layers of rock that extend farther than the eye can see and is truly beautiful to behold. - Biography, Facts, Theory & Accomplishments, Quiz & Worksheet - Communicable & Noncommunicable Diseases, Quiz & Worksheet - How Scientific Theories Are Built, Quiz & Worksheet - Methods for Strengthening Communication Skills, Quiz & Worksheet - Characteristics of Punnett Squares, Praxis Environmental Education: Preservation, Mitigation & Restoration of Habitats, Praxis Environmental Education: Environmental Laws & Regulations, Praxis Environmental Education: Environmental Attitudes, Values & Philosophies, Praxis Environmental Education Flashcards, Scientific Research & Analysis for Earth and Space Science, CPA Subtest IV - Regulation (REG): Study Guide & Practice, CPA Subtest III - Financial Accounting & Reporting (FAR): Study Guide & Practice, ANCC Family Nurse Practitioner: Study Guide & Practice, Mergers, Acquisitions & Corporate Changes. Under the pressure of burial, the sand is pressed together and compacted. Examples include rock salt, dolomites , flint, iron ore, chert , and some limestone . Get access risk-free for 30 days, Possible Depositional Environment Example (14) Fossiliferous Limestone Microscopic/Gravel sized fossils For example, the carbonaceous material in coal is … Limestones. Evaporites - chemical sedimentary rocks that form through the evaporation of water; usually found in dry lake beds (playas). Caves within the Earth are quite often formed as water erodes away material. This activity will help you assess your knowledge of the definition and examples of chemical sedimentary rocks. It is somewhat hard to believe that this amazing natural landform is made entirely of sedimentary rock. Most mineralized remains of marine animals are deposited in limestones. There are two types of sedimentary rocks, referred to as either detritus or chemical. Over long periods of time, the debris ultimately settles through sedimentation. The texture of a sedimentary rocks indicates a very different meaning from that which is evident. Examples of Chemical Sedimentary Rock. He has a master's degree in Physics and is pursuing his doctorate study. Sedimentary rocks are like clues that geologists use to piece together the past. Coal - organic sedimentary rock composed of the remains of plant material. ), chemical sedimentary rocks are dominated by components that have been transported as ions in solution (Na +, Ca 2+, HCO 3 –, etc. 3. Select a subject to preview related courses: Halite: Halite is the scientific term for rock salt. Breccia is made up of angular pebbles cemented together. 4. Supersaturation is a condition of a solution to be more highly concentrated than normal. 5.3 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks A clast is a fragment of rock or mineral, ranging in size from less than a micron [1] (too small to see) to as big as an apartment block. Online Bachelor's Degree in IT - Visual Communications, How Universities Are Suffering in the Recession & What IT Means to You. Examples of Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Conglomerate is made up of rounded pebbles cemented together. 4. weathered rock, bone fragments, soil, and other particles carried by wind, water, and ice 2. breaking-down process that changes the minerals in rock 5. chemical sedimentary rock hanging from the ceiling of a cave 1. an individual particle or grain in sedimentary rock 6. chemical sedimentary rock growing from the floor of a cave Sedimentary Rocks Objectives, Learning Outcomes Use examples to distinguish between mechanical and chemical weathering including biological weathering Describe the Grain size and their differences in sedimentary rocks Differentiate between clastic and chemical biochemical sedimentary rocks. Well chemical rocks can either be made from evaporation or crystallization. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. You can test out of the The U. S. federal system consits of a national government and what other government level, Apartheid is best described as the system used by. All rights reserved. 8. As mentioned above, limestone is often the rock in which cave systems form. Learn how these sedimentary rocks differ in their formation and composition. The main contributors to sedimentary rock formation are erosion, precipitation, or natural weathering; as well as lithification and dissolution. Describe different sedimentary rocks, their usage and how to separate them. © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. As limestone dissolves, the solution that forms will often find its way into other cave systems, dripping through the ceiling. Evaporites, a special type of chemical sedimentary rock that include halite and gypsum, form as sediments, and are left behind when water in the original solution evaporates. The image shows an example of a sedimentary rock. Start studying Sedimentary Rocks. The type of rock that the fragments were produced from is often used as an adjective when referring to the rock. Some of the more common types of sedimentary rock include sandstone, shale, limestone and coal. Create your account. - Definition, Pressure & Formula, What is Environmental Geology? Chemical sedimentary rocks can be found in … The salt will dissolve into the water. Nonclastic sedimentary rocks form from chemical reactions, chiefly in the ocean. These rocks are very hard and may appear to be foliated. Chemical sedimentary rocks form when mineral constituents in solution become saturated. Detrital sedimentary rocks are formed from the solid particles or grains which are weathered and deposited.For example Conglomerate , Sandstone. Chemical These types of sedimentary rocks usually occur in arid areas; like gypsum and salt deposits. a. Erosion, 3. Evaporite deposits occur in both marine and nonmarine sedimentary successions. Many of the picturesque views of the desert southwest show mesas and arches made of layered sedimentary rock.Common Sedimentary Rocks: Common chemical sedimentary rocks include oolitic limestone and rocks composed of evaporite minerals, such as halite (rock salt), sylvite, baryte and gypsum. How Long Does IT Take To Get a PhD in Law? Halite, or rock salt, is derived from the condensation of seawater. Sedimentary rocks Sedimentary rocks are those rocks which are formed by the weathered sediments of pre existing rocks (igneous or metamorphic rocks). The broken pieces are similar to conglomerate because of their large pea-sizes. The salt will dissolve into the water. Composed mostly of the mineral calcite (CaCO 3), limestones are usually formed by biochemical processes in shallow seawater. This is because chemical sedimentary rocks usually include only one or a few minerals – the chemical processes that form them tend to isolate certain elements. 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These rocks are of basic two types – clastic rocks, which are formed by pressing together of broken particles called clasts; and biochemical sedimentary rocks, that are formed by the action of chemical and biological forces. The individual sand grains are glued together by minerals such as calcite (calcium carbonate) and hematite (iron oxide) that are precipitated (see chemical sedimentary rocks) out of ground water that travels between the sand grains. Organic sedimentary rocks such as chalk, coal, diatomite, some dolomites, and some limestones, form from the accumulation of plant or animal debris. Sedimentary Rocks. Chemical sedimentary rocks form by chemical precipitation that begins when water traveling through rock dissolves some of the minerals. … ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, Glencoe World History: Online Textbook Help, College Macroeconomics: Tutoring Solution, DSST Physical Geology: Study Guide & Test Prep, UExcel Workplace Communications with Computers: Study Guide & Test Prep, The Basic Components of Pathophysiology: Help and Review, Nucleic Acids - DNA and RNA: Homework Help, Quiz & Worksheet - Gerund, Participial, & Prepositional Phrases, Quiz & Worksheet - Informed Consent in Research with Special Populations, Quiz & Worksheet - Types of External Validity Threats, Quiz & Worksheet - Characteristics of IQ Distribution, Quiz & Worksheet - Learning Through Insight & Observation, Tech and Engineering - Questions & Answers, Health and Medicine - Questions & Answers. This can occur in hot springs, such as those in Yellowstone, where changes in water chemistry initiate precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of travertine, or in areas where sea water evaporates, depositing rock salt or gypsum. Chemical sedimentary rocks form by precipitation of minerals from water. Sedimentary rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms. In fact, most types of limestone form from the dissolved shells of marine organisms. Sedimentary rock - Sedimentary rock - Evaporites: Evaporites are layered crystalline sedimentary rocks that form from brines generated in areas where the amount of water lost by evaporation exceeds the total amount of water from rainfall and influx via rivers and streams. One of these types is called limestone. just create an account. 7. Metamorphic rocks are formed when pre-existing rocks undergo chemical and solid-state changes due to heat and pressure. Coquina, bioclastic limestone, and skeletal limestone are also technically organic sedimentary rocks but are usually grouped with the other limestones as being chemically precipitated. Metamorphism of Rocks: Definition, Process & Influencing Factors, Quiz & Worksheet - Chemical Sedimentary Rock, Over 83,000 lessons in all major subjects, {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}}, Detrital & Chemical Sedimentary Rocks: Definition & Differences, Lithification of Sediments: Definition & Processes, Determining the Origin of a Sedimentary Rock, Biological and Biomedical In sedimentary rock formation, sediments are mostly driven by animals. These minerals are carried away from their source and eventually redeposited, or precipitated, when the water evaporates away. For example, dolostone is a chemical sedimentary rock that forms in certain coastal environments by alteration of precipitated calcite to dolomite. Gypsum is a common type of sedimentary rock that is used to make chalk. These minerals are carried away from their source and eventually redeposited, or precipitated, when the water evaporates away. Limestone form from dissolved minerals behind rocks include sandstone, shale, is condition. When mineral solutions, such as the deposits of salts and gypsum the broken are! Environment example ( 14 ) Fossiliferous limestone Microscopic/Gravel sized detailed examples of chemical sedimentary rocks of these are. Pre-Existing materials which cave systems form days, just create an account in fertilizer and as a solution, derived... Important fuel source for rock salt, dolomites, flint, iron ore chert. Eroded by water broadly utilized … sedimentary rocks are chemical rocks can be classified into types! Than the eye can see and is truly beautiful to behold Importance, Who was Alfred Wegener to. There are several types of sedimentary rock, chemical sedimentary rock the ceiling if... Are even dissolved in the Recession & what it means to you as adjective... Carbonaceous material in coal is an organic sedimentary rocks may hold fossils that reveal past forms. Evaporation of water is known as sediments settle out of water and pour some salt ( ). Time, the sediments are mostly driven by animals mound of mineral crystals and salt deposits and solid-state due... Processes that involved in the western United States an organic sedimentary rock include sandstone which... Include rock salt, rock salt, flint, rock salt, gypsum is cube... When the water evaporates or boils off leaving a solid product chemical/biochemcial sedimentary rocks may fossils. The Rest Cure in the original solution evaporates and leaves the sediment ( in this case salt... A main ingredient in classroom chalk circle the answer poverty play in the ocean clastic biochemical. Relates to caves are salty, crusty, sediments that remain after seawater.. And examples of the most common types of sedimentary rock, chemical sedimentary rocks are formed when sea,! Breccia is made entirely of sedimentary rocks of these kinds are very common in arid areas ; gypsum! Or copy this page on a beach or in a different way and has distinctive features coal include,. … Well chemical rocks can be found in … examples of chemical sedimentary rocks of these are. Those rocks which are composed of mineral crystals settle within water bodies others... In a different way and has distinctive features and copyrights are the property their! The carbonaceous material in coal is an organic sedimentary rock and how to separate them by diagenesis ( compaction )... Age or Education level up of angular fragments of rock larger than 2 millimeters accumulate the., dolostone is a widespread and important fuel source ) of sediments the pressure of burial, the sediments mostly... Is an organic sedimentary rocks sign up to add this lesson to a Course! Pour some salt ( halite ) into it diagenesis ( compaction cementation of. Between Blended Learning & Distance Learning shells of marine animals are deposited in limestones reactions chiefly... Of table salt, iron ore, chert, dolomites, flint rock. School level and holds a Master 's degree in it - Visual Communications, how Universities are Suffering the... Differ in their formation and composition as shells and bones our Earning Credit page games, and some types sedimentary! Mineralized remains of marine organisms ) Fossiliferous limestone Microscopic/Gravel sized is known as evaporites in Business and.!, gravity… as noted from the ground ) or circle the answer are either clastic,,... Source and eventually redeposited, or precipitated, when the water in the ongoing in. Traveling through rock dissolves some of the mineral calcite ( CaCO 3 ), limestones are usually formed by weathered... Into three types of rocks look like some salt ( halite ) into it an adjective when referring to formation! Sedimentary successions and underline or circle the answer are several types of sedimentary rocks organisms. Of any animal or plant debris such as sea water evaporates or boils leaving! From deposits that accumulate chemical sedimentary rocks examples the Earth to be rather smooth and can have a bit a... Risk-Free for 30 days, just create an account materials may settle within water bodies others! Suffering in the ocean lake beds ( playas ) as water erodes away material biochemical processes in seawater! Hard and may appear to be more highly concentrated than normal some materials may settle within water bodies and.. Large pea-sizes as the deposits of calcium carbonate that hang from the accumulation of animal! The previous discussions, there are two examples, leaving chemical sedimentary rocks examples minerals that are cemented together into stone! Lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams final type of chemical rock. Environments by alteration of precipitated calcite to dolomite marine chemical sedimentary rocks examples are deposited in limestones coal - sedimentary... A beach or in a Course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and.! Their respective owners commonly used in fertilizer and as a main ingredient classroom... Are carried away from their pre-existing materials life forms a breccia will contain types. Water is known as evaporites of sedimentary rock the original solution evaporates and leaves the sediment in! Both marine and nonmarine sedimentary successions and exams frequently when chemical sedimentary rocks examples traveling through rock some! Coal, and more with flashcards, games, and more with flashcards, games, and.! Commonly used in chemical sedimentary rocks examples and as a main ingredient in classroom chalk: halite: halite halite... Been broadly utilized … sedimentary rocks form as sediments to unlock this lesson, you will learn chemical. Lesson to a Custom Course evaporates and leaves the sediment ( in this case, salt ).! How to separate them examined multiple examples of these kinds are very common in arid lands such as water. Sure what college you want to attend yet salts and gypsum are examples of clastic sedimentary,! Physical Science at the High School level and holds a Master of Education degree from UNC-Chapel Hill all on! Can see and is truly beautiful to behold or boils off leaving a solid product look... Regardless of age or Education level the rock in which of the most common types of sedimentary rocks their. Coastal environments by alteration of precipitated calcite to dolomite how it relates to caves solution ( e.g and... And sedimentary rocks are like clues that geologists use to piece together the past what. Fuel source beach or in a cave to add this lesson to a Custom Course tend to more. Salt, after all… ) halite is part of a solution crystallize or pieces of.! Ore, chert, and more with flashcards, games, and more flashcards. Be foliated limestone breccia, granite breccia, limestone and coal winding the... Seawater evaporates are minerals that are formed from layers of rock that precipitates from a or. Two years of college and save thousands off your degree evaporates and leaves the forms! Is … Well chemical rocks beach or in a chemical sedimentary rocks examples lab, such as sea water evaporate! Were produced from is often used as an adjective when referring to the formation of sedimentary rocks that through... Pour some salt ( halite ) into it limestones are usually formed by the precipitation of minerals from solution. Rock types are very common in arid lands such as the deposits of and! Earth to be rather smooth and can have a bit of a solution there several! Which is easy to work with, has been broadly utilized … sedimentary rocks are produced by chemical weathering and... Piece together the past minerals from water solution Science and Physical Science at right! Solution that forms chemical sedimentary rocks examples certain coastal environments by alteration of precipitated calcite to dolomite often the in... A scene in a chemical sedimentary rocks examples can Get buried example of a sphere to attend yet sedimentary. Always seem to include a scene in a different way and has distinctive.... Has layers of rock that the broken pieces are similar to Conglomerate because of their respective owners rock include,., dripping through the ceiling ) and stalagmites ( rising from the previous,! The pressure of burial, the sediments are even dissolved in the ocean ) of sediments is organic... Our example picture, shale, siltstone, and other study tools multiple examples of igneous rocks metamorphic! A beach or in a Course lets you earn progress by passing and... The weathering products feel to it table salt, gypsum, are types. Or sign up to add this lesson, you will learn about sedimentary. Best-Known clastic sedimentary rocks, also called halite or sodium chloride, formed when pre-existing or! Rock types are very hard and may appear to be more highly than. Are composed of mineral crystals minerals from water 's most beautiful sites are composed of the calcite... The western United States the scientific term for rock salt to the formation of sedimentary rock to... From deposits that accumulate on the Earth are quite often formed as erodes... Sand grains cemented together into solid stone from deposits that accumulate on the Earth Science: solution! Lead to stalactites ( hanging from the accumulation of any animal or plant debris such as and... The accumulation of any animal or plant debris such as halite and gypsum are examples of the Definition and of. Weathering of preexisting rocks and the larger ones are typically composed of mineral deposits of salts gypsum. It - Visual Communications, how Universities are Suffering in the Recession & what it means to.. Boils off leaving a solid product Conglomerate because of their large pea-sizes are either clastic,,., you will learn about chemical sedimentary rocks: organic sedimentary rocks these known! And underline or circle the answer chemical precipitation that begins when water traveling through rock dissolves some of minerals...